About history of Ordzonikidze in brief.

The town named in honor of Sergo Ordzonikidze and is situated in the Eastern part of Crimean peninsula. At the slope of the “Tepe-Oba” – left spur of “Biuk-Yani-shar”, the high of “Biuk-Yani-shar” is 238m. the mountain “Dzan-Gutaran” (saving of the soul) goes to the East and it’s end is “Kiik-Atlama”. The Eastern coast of the peninsular Kiik-Atlama is washed by Koktebel bay and it has great view at the mountain Karadag and the Western coast of the peninsular is washed by Dvuhyakornaya bay. On the South the peninsular, ends with a hill, which is 174m. high and mostly rocky from all sides. The translation of the “Kiik-Atlama” is a “Jump of goat”. On the very end of the “Kiik-Atlama“ there is a small island called “Ivan Baba”. Many years ago there was a small path to “Ivan Baba” where some houses of the fishermen were located, but they were destroyed in a large storm, where many of the fishermen died. The island was then named “Ivan Baba” after this event.

The coast of Ordzonikidze is formed by fine sandy beaches, which as well as capes have names: the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth. The fifth cape has also a Turkic name “Goprah-Kaya”.

In bases of geological structure of the mountains surrounding the town there clay adjournment of the top and average Ura.

The geographical position and relief of the place influence the climate of the town. In winter and in Spring Northern and Northeastern winds blow. The warmest months are July, August, September. The heat is never uncomfortable because of the gentle circulation of the sea breezes. In some years, the temperature of the water in October is +17 degrees. In November the Northern wind starts, and sometimes brings rain and snow.

January is sunny and mild, not freezing, but in February it is rainy. The annual rainfall is approximately 350 mm. All the water flows to the sea, especially when rains are hard.

The first settlements at the peninsular “Kiik-Atlame” were in the period of the Neolith. The first settlement was on the territory of nowadays bath-house. On the breakage of the sea the layers of cultural horizon of the Stone Age are well allocated. Length of horizon from northwest on a southeast is 26,60 m, thick - 30 cm. Pupils of school have found lots of beaten bones of overland animals, fish, horns of a deer, silicon knifes, tips, the arrows, badly burnt clay, coal of fires in this cultural layer.

The second settlement was found on the “First cape”, but when the sea came higher, people went higher to mountains.

Different names of the town tell us something about the history of its development. First name was “Proval’noe”, later “Dvuhyakornoe” (as a bay). In 1937 after recommendation of inhabitants town has name “Ordzonikidze” in the honor of minister of heavy industry. All other names were not official.

As we know from the Italian sources, Dvuhyakorniy bay had name “Tekik”. After the closing of “Tani” Venetians’ sent their goods in 1350-1355 to the place called “Provato”, which was in the “Dvuhyakornaya” bay. “Dvuhyakornaya” means “Two Anchor”. On the 21 of July 1356 one trade boat reached the “Provato” and stayed in the bay more than one week, while it was sailing its goods. Probably the port of “Provato” was at the peninsular “Kiik-Atlama”.

Vicinities could be watched well from the bay “Tekik”. “Tekik” means monastery.

In 1357 two Byzantine vessels came to the “Provato”, but they were not able to stay here, because genoeses began their invasion of the coast.

The excavations confirm that on the coast of “Provato” there was a genoeses’ monastery, which was built in the middle ages.

Scientist – geographer I.I. Bobkov found two groups of walls and bases, working rooms, paved roads. In the monastery there were found ancient Armenian writings in seven lines and some “Cross stones” (Hachkari). Judging by the writings, the monastery was built in the 14th century. At the map of one of the explorers of Crimea, Keplen (1836), this place was called “Takie”. Ruins of the monastery have suffered from the strong earthquake of the 1927, and in the time of the war they were finally destroyed.

In 1911 the construction of shooting tower began. The construction was under the direction of the vice-admiral M.V. Bubnov and it was finished by 1913-1914 near the Lyalya-Tekin (two anchor) 1463 km far from Moscow. The owner of the land was P.N. Tarnavskaya but later she sold it to K.K. Nellis.

Tsar Nikolay Aleksandrovich on the 26th of March 1914 for a good job and active building of the plant (today “Gidropribor”) gave land for a building of Dacha to M.V. Bubnov. Nowadays the building of diving center is on this place. From that time the territory was called Bubnovka, but that is unofficial name. The construction of the plant was finished by minister of water industry – Ivan Grigirievich and it was admitted by silver plate, which was in the ground for 36 years before it was found on the 12 August 1950 during construction of new part of the plant. On the 14 of November 1920 the Soviet power came back and the dacha of Bubnov was destroyed, the engineer Neil wrote to the government with a request to built a road to the town and to develop all services in it.

In 1930 the school was opened at the territory of the plant. First teachers in the school were: L. Tkachenko, Z. Primak. The school was small with kindergarten in it. People who worked on the plant were delivered to the plant by boats from Feodosia. The hostel for young workers were there. The dacha of Bubnov was also rebuilded and it became 2 store, that was a house for workers.

In 1939 barracks began to being built (along the old road) in 1,5 km far from Bubnovka. These barracks were for people who came to built the plant (Filins, Ribalko, Spluhins). Barracks were in front of the Armenian monastery, which reminds Starii Krim’s Sub-Has by its’ architecture. After 30th, houses were built on the territory of Bubnovka.

On 3 November 1941 the town was occupied by fascists and the plant was evacuated to Kaspiisk, 310 persons became partisans of Exterminate Battalion of the Soviet Army. The organizer of studies for making partisans groups was Piridunov, the commissar “Wild”. Most of partisans died in the first battle near the village Lesnoe. The bay was used by fascists as trans-shipment point.

On 29 December 1941 airborne landing was brought to Feodosia, but it occupied Feodosia or a short time and fascists came back to Feodosia soon.

In 1942 fascists turned out of the town all inhabitants, and they walked to other villages. All landing seamen were killed in gullies later. In April 13, 1944 the town was cleared from fascists. People came back after the war and construction of new houses began. The builders of the houses were German prisons of war. Living houses, school, canteen, club, kindergarten, store, were built. In 1945 managers Valentina Morozova and Nina Bucharskaya, in 1948 director of school P. Ivanov came and school started with small number of pupils.

In 1951-1952 school was extended, and new building have been built (director Vladimir Himerchenko).

In 1953 – the director of the school V. Blagoveshenskiy. The teacher of the literature T. Blagoveshenskaya, the excellent teacher.

Many remains of soldiers were found while construction of at the territory of the town. The first burial place was on the territory of nowadays cemetery and in 1971 the monument to soldiers was installed at the entrance to the town. 11 soldiers were reburied at the hill of “Glory”. The architect of the monument is B.K. Letc. By the 40years of anniversary memorable boards were installed with the names of soldiers from Ordzonikidze, who died in the Second World War.

In 1939 the military representative came to the plant “Hidropribor” M. Bondarenko. In the first days of war he wanted to go to the battle-front, but he was sent to Leningrad for prequalifying. After he got the next rank, he became a commander of mine-sweepers, where his military service began. Bondarenko ran successfully landings operations at the Kercenskii peninsula, while the difficult military tasks. Onece his boat was fired, but no one from the crew, didn’t live the burning boat to save their lives. Crew continued to fir the enemy until the last minute of their life. That was last battle of Mihail Grigorievich. On the January 22 1944, after his death, he was awarded with the rank of Hero of Soviet Union.

In 1982 after recommendation of inhabitants of the town, of museum of school #6 and of town authorities, one of the streets was named Bondarenko and memorial plate was installed.

For the years of work of plant “Hidropribor” under the director N. Balabaichenko the plant becomes better.

In 1960 the park of youth founded, and the construction of the stadium was almost finished.

In 1961 by the holiday of 7 November, the house of culture was built.

In 1963 second kindergarten was built.

In 1966 living houses were removed from the territory of the plant.

In 1986 summer cinema was built.

Local people made a park in the town with the territory of 0,8 hectare, where 12000 of trees and 1000 of bushes were planted. Flowerbeds were made with lots of roses.

By the 100 anniversary of Sergo Ordzonikidze his monument was installed and a capsule with precept to youth was done.

Later new school with offices and big sport and assembly halls was built.

The territory of the town is 605,12 hectare, The population is 2800 people.

During last few years the town is developing as a resort, some hotels are being built, new stores appeared, cafes and restaurants. Few summer youth camps appeared. Economics and social sphere have been improved.

The perspective for the future is to change a water pipeline, bring gas and improve the heating system.

Few political parties were registered in the town.